RHEL/CentOS v.s. Ubuntu Differences (Commands and Configuration)
Table of Contents#
Differences#
| Note | RHEL | Ubuntu |
|---|
| Support | 10years | 10years LTS(Long Term Support) |
| Defautl Editor | vi | nano |
| Access control | SELinux | AppArmor |
| Apach HTTP Server | httpd | apache2 |
| Firewall | firewalld (CentOS7)iptables (CentOS5, 6) | ufw（Uncomplicated FireWall） |
Packages#
yum vs apt#
- The apt command is a command for integration of apt-get / apt-cache. Let’s use only apt from now on.
| Note | CentOS | Ubuntu |
|---|
| Repository configuration file | /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo | /etc/apt/sources.list |
| Repository configuration file | /etc/yum.conf | /etc/apt/apt.conf （Create）Proxy ConfigurationAcquire::http::Proxy “http://x.x.x.x:8888/"; |
| Package search | yum search STRINGS | apt search STRINGS |
| Package search | | apt list PACKAGEapt list php |
| Package Detail | yum info PACKAGE | apt show PACKAGEapt show php |
| Package installation | yum install PACKAGE | apt install PACKAGEapt -f install PACAGE ← Repair broken dependencies |
| Package uninstall | yum remove PACKAGE | apt purge PACKAGE |
| List of repositories | yum list | apt list |
| Repository update | Automatic update every time | apt update ← In Ubuntu you need to do |
| Update installed packages | | apt-get upgrade |
rpm vs dpkg#
| Note | CentOS | Ubuntu |
|---|
| Package installation | rpm -i PACKAGE.rpm | dpkg -i PACKAGE.deb |
| List of installed packages | rpm -qarpm -qa |grep xxx | dpkg -l |grep XXXdpkg -l |grep ^ii(Also show deleted packages) |
| Confirm installed package | rpm -q PACKAGE | dpkg -l PACKAGE |
| List of files included in package | rpm -ql PACKAGE | dpkg -L PACKAGE |
| Package confirmation including file | rpm -qf PACKAGE | dpkg -S PACKAGE |
| Package uninstall | rpm -e PACKAGE | dpkg -P PACKAGE |
Service#
| Note | CentOS6 | CentOS7 | Ubuntu |
|---|
| Service status check | service SERVICE status/etc/init.d/SERVICE status | systemctl UNIT status | service SERVICE status/etc/init.d/SERVICE status |
| Start service | service SERVICE start/etc/init.d/SERVICE start | systemctl UNIT start | service SERVICE start/etc/init.d/SERVICE start |
| Stop service | service SERVICE stop/etc/init.d/SERVICE stop | systemctl UNIT stop | service SERVICE stop/etc/init.d/SERVICE stop |
| Automatic start setting confirmation | chkconfig –list | | ls -l /etc/rc*.d/sysv-rc-conf –list(apt-get install sysv-rc-conf) |
| Automatic start enable | chkconfig SERVICE on | systemctl enable UNIT | update-rc.d SERVICE enable |
| Disable auto start | chkconfig SERVICE off | systemctl enable UNIT | update-rc.d SERVICE disable |
| Auto start service added | chkconfig –add SERVICE | | insserv -d SERVICE |
| Automatic start service deletion | chkconfig –del SERVICE | | insserv -r SERVICE |
| Service setting file | /etc/sysconfig/SERVICE | | /etc/default/SERVICE |
Individual service#
| Note | CentOS | Ubuntu |
|---|
| Apache/httpd | /etc/httpd/httpd.conf | /etc/apache2/apache2.conf |
| mysql | /etc/my.cnf | /etc/mysql/my.cnf |
| php | /etc/php.ini | /etc/php5/apache2/php.ini(For the web)/etc/php5/cli/php.ini(For Command)/etc/php5/conf.d/*.ini(For the web adn Command) |
OS configuration files#
| Note | CentOS | Ubuntu |
|---|
| OS Version | /etc/redhat-release/etc/issueTips:cat /etc/*release | /etc/lsb-release/etc/issueTips:cat /etc/*release |
| Hostname | /etc/sysconfig/network | /etc/hostname |
| Network Interfaces | /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-XExample/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 | /etc/network/interfaces |
| Defautlt Gateway Configuration | /etc/sysconfig/network | /etc/network/interfaces |
| Run Level | /etc/inittab | |
| Lang | /etc/sysconfig/i18n | /etc/default/localeModification methodupdate-locale LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 |
| Timezone | | Modification methoddpkg-reconfigure tzdata |
| Keybord | /etc/sysconfig/keyboard | /etc/default/keyboardModification methoddpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration |
| cron | /var/spool/cron/USER | /var/spool/cron/crontabs/USER |
No difference file#
| Note | CentOS | Ubuntu |
|---|
| DNS | /etc/resolv.conf | /etc/resolv.conf |
| hosts | /etc/hosts | /etc/hosts |
Log#
| Note | CentOS | Ubuntu |
|---|
| syslog | /var/log/messages | /var/log/syslog |
| Audit log | /var/log/secure | /var/log/auth.log |
| mail log | /var/log/maillog | /var/log/mail.log |
| cron log | /var/log/cron | /var/log/syslog |